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Glossary-HELP Here you will find Page descriptions and a key to some of the terms and abbreviations used in the descriptions of our plants. Pages above Ordering have something to sell on them. Pages below Ordering contain information. PAGE DESCRIPTIONS. Conifers / Evergreens / Shrubs / Salix-Willow / Trees We have arbitrarily divided our plants into these categories. Sometimes the distinction between Shrub and Tree is blurred so cross check. All plants have woody stems.Boutique : Contains the following pages; Gift Certificates, Floral Cuts ( Sticks and Catkins) and Wreaths. Ordering. Shipping , Payment and Ordering Information. Glossary-HELP : You are here. Advice-Lists contains the following pages: Planting. Instructions on Care and Planting of our Trees and Shrubs. Deer Resistant. List of plants that we and others have had some success with growing in deer browsing areas. Flower. List of flowering time by month and color, to help you plan your garden. Leaf. Lists of interesting and colored foliage on Shrubs and Trees; and of those exhibiting good fall color. Bark and Berry. Winter twig color, trees and shrubs with exfoliating peeling bark, and those that hold there berries well in the winter. The 'winter garden' collection. Resources. Links to websites of interest. TERMS and ABBREVIATIONS. Plant information is presented in the following manner. Latin botanical name, (Genus species), is listed first. A COMMON NAME will appear in capitals. As common names are apt to change with region we do not use them to much for plant identification. A 'Cultivar' will have punctuation marks around its name and/or be spelt in italics. A 'cultivar' will replicate the parents attributes of either growth habit, flower, bark, berry or whatever attribute the parent was selected for. Z for Zone, as in USDA division of country into areas with same climate. The plants growing in your area, or your local extension agent, is the best source for what zone you are located in. Factors such as closeness to water, exposure, frost pockets should also be considered when situating plants. We list not just the cold hardiness but also the heat tolerance/highest Zone the plant is comfortable in. If you are situating a plant at the top of its range, a degree of shading from mid-day sun may be appropriate; and conversely at the bottom of its Zone more Sun exposure may be required.. We list a number of uses/values or reason a plant may recommend itself to us on the top line. (The absence of a long list does not mean a plant is necessary inferior, we might just have run out of imagination at 3 am, when writing it up). Some of the abbreviations used include; DR-Deer Resistant. See also our page with recommended varieties and a discussion on this subject. Cut- We make recommendations for shrubs that provide flowers, twigs, catkins and berries for arranging. Conifers we assume are all fair game. (Note. Spruces, Hemlocks do not hold there needles). For- Forcing is a word that describes a technique where a branch from an early flowering shrub is induced to flower inside, ahead of the plant outside. Cut branch when the buds are swelling before they open to flower in late winter. The bottom of the branch is sometimes ‘beaten’, then placed in a bucket of water in a cool room, like a garage/mud room. When the buds begin to open stick it in a vase on the table. Frag - for fragrance. Good plants to site near seating areas or walkways. Bfly - attracts butterflies. Hon - plant for beekeepers. Mature height and cultural information is submitted as a reference point. Gardeners are apt to experiment with demanding conditions and succeed as well. Augment our information with your own research. 'Landscapers'/ 'low maintenance gardeners' should pick plants that closely resemble the conditions they have. 'Gardeners'/ 'must have that plant people', may have to play with the conditions they have, but will no doubt have success. Mature height will vary with Zone, location, sun, shade, exposure, soil, wet/dry etc. Look around in your area for benchmarks. Growth will vary with cultural conditions, Zone, as well as weed competition, water etc. A plant may well sit and put its roots out and show no sign of upward growth in the first year. The age of the plant has some bearing. Fast, will make more than 2 ft a year. Med., under Fast and above slow. Slow, about 6'' or less. Light requirements, S-Sun, Psh-Part shade, Sh-Shade. Often a plant is listed as being in two or even three of the categories. Confused about where to site such a plant ? If you are situating a plant at the top of its Zone classification, a degree of shading from mid-day sun may be appropriate. Conversely at the bottom of its Zone, more Sun exposure may be required. A plant may take more sun in a wet situation and more shade in a dry situation. A degree in plant empathy is often required. Soil requirements. Bring on the degree in plant empathy. We think we can grow anything anywhere. Never dig a planting hole deeper than the pot. We amend most soils with compost and fine bark mulch. Dry, plants when established will be drought tolerant. Med., catch all for a well drained organic/hummus rich soil. Wet, plants will take wet feet. Container SC, 3'' deep x 2''x2'', liner size, starter plants. Container MC, 3''x3'' x 6'' deep. Container LC, Gallon size or thereabouts, or 5'' x 5'' x 7'' deep. Sometimes larger. (We often remove container for shipping, soil ball will be wrapped in paper). Bare root means plant is not packed with soil. We send plants bare root between November and March when they are dormant. we have had a lot of experience as forestry contractors planting and handling bare root trees and shrubs. Bare root is very successful if plant is planted dormant in early spring. We send our plants straight form the field or cool damp storage. We work with you and the weather to make sure plants are arrive at a suitable time. The only issue you should be aware of, is if the Spring is wet and windy. New plantings may suffer some wind rocking, come loose in their new planting hole, so may need to be firmed up later. Plant height and age descriptions. We hope that all plants live up to your expectations, indeed may be even larger than. standard - describes a shrub or tree pruned to a single trunk with usually at least 5ft from the ground to the first branch. coppicing - describes the practice of annually cutting back of established 'dogwoods' and 'willows' to the ground, to encourage new colorful winter twig growth. The word is derived from an old woodland management practice for producing light sticks usually with a rotation period of more than 5 years. pollarding - describes coppicing carried out on a standard. Typically trees were cut back above deer browsing height. The technique was also employed to manage larger trees in urban areas. Photographs. We are not great snappers, hope to improve the quantity and murky light that sometimes our radiant plants are snapped in !
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